Humans likely inhabited the area around present Caddo lake as long ago as Pleistocene times (12,000-13,500 years ago).  The first people were the nomadic hunter gatherers.  The were here for the abundance of game and plant life and fresh water.  These were the early ancestors of the Caddo Indians for whom the lake was named.

Early Caddo culture emerged (A.D.800-1200) along the banks of the Mississippi River and spread northward up the Red and Sabine and Neches Rivers. 

When the white settlers came to Texas to settle in the Neches River Flood Plain, the found Caddo settlements that had already been abandoned for 500 years.  When the westward expansion of settlers began, the Caddo culture was at it's peak.  Many settlements were in the great bend of the Red River area.

The arrival of new cultures and diseases and problems that they brought with them had a detrimental affect on the native Caddoans.  The last great villages like Sha'chahdinah or Timber Hill (between the current Caddo Lake and Jefferson, near the Big Cypress Bayou) were dying.  These Kadahadacho

The ancestors of the Caddo Indians were agriculturalists whose distinctive way of life and material culture emerged by A.D. 900, as revealed in archaeological sites in Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas, and Oklahoma. When members of Hernando de Soto's expedition entered the region in 1542, thriving Caddo communities were distributed along the Brazos, Trinity, Neches, Sabine, Red, and Ouachita rivers. These communities played important economic and diplomatic roles during the seventeenth and eighteenth century colonial era.

History of the Caddo Indians

Map of Caddo Lake

Map of N.E.Texas - Louisianna - Arkansas

PDF Map of the area of this adventure from Caddo Lake State Park

Life and Times of the Caddo Indians

Sha'chahdinah, the people of Timber Hill (Caddos) - The last settlement of the Kadahadacho

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